rhaj/_archive/rhai_engine/rhaibook/engine/custom-op.md

Custom Operators

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See [this section][precedence] for details on operator [precedence].

For use as a DSL (Domain-Specific Languages), it is sometimes more convenient to augment Rhai with customized operators performing specific logic.

Engine::register_custom_operator registers a [keyword] as a custom operator, giving it a particular [precedence] (which cannot be zero).

Support for custom operators can be disabled via the [no_custom_syntax] feature.

Example

use rhai::Engine;

let mut engine = Engine::new();

// Register a custom operator '#' and give it a precedence of 160
// (i.e. between +|- and *|/)
// Also register the implementation of the custom operator as a function
engine.register_custom_operator("#", 160)?
      .register_fn("#", |x: i64, y: i64| (x * y) - (x + y));

// The custom operator can be used in expressions
let result = engine.eval_expression::<i64>("1 + 2 * 3 # 4 - 5 / 6")?;
//                                                    ^ custom operator

// The above is equivalent to: 1 + ((2 * 3) # 4) - (5 / 6)
result == 15;

Alternatives to a Custom Operator

Custom operators are merely syntactic sugar. They map directly to registered functions.

let mut engine = Engine::new();

// Define 'foo' operator
engine.register_custom_operator("foo", 160)?;

engine.eval::<i64>("1 + 2 * 3 foo 4 - 5 / 6")?;       // use custom operator

engine.eval::<i64>("1 + foo(2 * 3, 4) - 5 / 6")?;     // <- above is equivalent to this

A script using custom operators can always be pre-processed, via a pre-processor application, into a syntax that uses the corresponding function calls.

Using Engine::register_custom_operator merely enables a convenient shortcut.

Must be a Valid Identifier or Reserved Symbol

All custom operators must be identifiers that follow the same naming rules as [variables].

Alternatively, they can also be reserved symbols, [disabled operators or keywords][disable keywords and operators].

engine.register_custom_operator("foo", 20)?;          // 'foo' is a valid custom operator

engine.register_custom_operator("#", 20)?;            // the reserved symbol '#' is also
                                                      // a valid custom operator

engine.register_custom_operator("+", 30)?;            // <- error: '+' is an active operator

engine.register_custom_operator("=>", 30)?;           // <- error: '=>' is an active symbol

Binary Operators Only

All custom operators must be binary (i.e. they take two operands). Unary custom operators are not supported.

// Register unary '#' operator
engine.register_custom_operator("#", 160)?
      .register_fn("#", |x: i64| x * x);

engine.eval::<i64>("# 42")?;                          // <- syntax error