# 🌍 Nginx-Mycelium: Global Web Hosting with Load Balancing

A **simple and practical** example of hosting a static website globally using Mycelium Cloud Kubernetes. Unlike complex applications, this demonstrates the core concept: **deploy once, access worldwide**.

## 🎯 What's This About?

This example shows how to:
- ✅ **Host a website globally** via Mycelium IPv6 addresses
- ✅ **Use LoadBalancer services** for traffic distribution
- ✅ **Scale across multiple nodes** for better performance
- ✅ **Demonstrate real web hosting** on Mycelium infrastructure

## 📁 What This Contains

```
nginx-mycelium/
├── nginx-mycelium.md              # This guide
├── nginx-mycelium-deployment.yaml # Host network + scaled deployment
├── nginx-mycelium-service.yaml    # LoadBalancer + IPv6 external IPs
└── index.html                     # Very basic HTML content
```

## 🚀 Quick Start - Global Website (2 minutes)

```bash
# 1. Create the nginx deployment with load balancing
kubectl apply -f nginx-mycelium-deployment.yaml

# 2. Create the LoadBalancer service with IPv6 access
kubectl apply -f nginx-mycelium-service.yaml

# 3. Wait for pods to be ready
kubectl wait --for=condition=ready pod -l app=nginx-mycelium --timeout=60s

# 4. Test global access from ANY Mycelium IPv6 address!
curl http://[51d:3596:6cc3:81e7:ff0f:d546:3737:4c8c]:80
curl http://[476:c4f:b4cb:7205:ff0f:f56e:abea:6905]:80
curl http://[552:5984:2d97:72dc:ff0f:39ef:6ec:a48c]:80
```

## 🌍 Global Access URLs

Once deployed, your website is **globally accessible** at all 6 Mycelium IPv6 addresses:

```
🌐 Master Nodes:
http://[51d:3596:6cc3:81e7:ff0f:d546:3737:4c8c]:80
http://[476:c4f:b4cb:7205:ff0f:f56e:abea:6905]:80
http://[538:964a:a1e1:4057:ff0f:63c7:960b:7c27]:80

🌐 Worker Nodes:
http://[552:5984:2d97:72dc:ff0f:39ef:6ec:a48c]:80
http://[437:9faf:1f1a:e2b1:ff0f:1fd9:7fd5:1095]:80
http://[5c3:a162:45ab:6c53:ff0f:8c55:36b0:24af]:80
```

**Any Mycelium user can access your website from anywhere in the world!**

## 🏗️ Architecture

### Load Balancing Design

```
🌍 Internet (Mycelium Clients)
    ↓
🌐 Mycelium IPv6 Network
    ↓
🔄 LoadBalancer Service (nginx-mycelium-service)
    ↓
🖥️ 3 Nginx Pods (deployed across different nodes)
    ↓
📊 Static Content (index.html)
```

### Key Features

#### **Host Network Mode**
```yaml
spec:
  hostNetwork: true  # Direct access to host's Mycelium IPv6 interface
```

#### **LoadBalancer with IPv6 External IPs**
```yaml
spec:
  type: LoadBalancer
  externalIPs:
  - "51d:3596:6cc3:81e7:ff0f:d546:3737:4c8c"  # All 6 cluster IPv6 addresses
  # ... complete list of IPv6 addresses
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 80
```

#### **Multi-Node Scaling**
```yaml
spec:
  replicas: 3  # Distribute across different cluster nodes
  nodeSelector: {}  # Allow any node for load balancing
```

## 📊 Load Balancing Benefits

### **Traffic Distribution**
- **Across Nodes**: 3 pods spread across different cluster nodes
- **Health Monitoring**: Kubernetes automatically routes around failed pods
- **No Single Point of Failure**: Multiple nginx instances serve traffic

### **Performance Advantages**
- **Reduced Latency**: Traffic routes to nearest healthy pod
- **Higher Throughput**: Multiple nginx instances handle more concurrent requests
- **Fault Tolerance**: Automatic failover if a pod or node fails

### **Scalability**
```bash
# Scale up if you need more capacity
kubectl scale deployment nginx-mycelium --replicas=5

# Scale down to save resources
kubectl scale deployment nginx-mycelium --replicas=1
```

## 🔧 Testing & Verification

### **Basic Connectivity Test**
```bash
# Test from your machine (requires Mycelium client)
curl -6 http://[51d:3596:6cc3:81e7:ff0f:d546:3737:4c8c]:80

# Test with IPv6 resolution
curl -6 http://[51d:3596:6cc3:81e7:ff0f:d546:3737:4c8c]:80 --resolve 51d:3596:6cc3:81e7:ff0f:d546:3737:4c8c:80:[51d:3596:6cc3:81e7:ff0f:d546:3737:4c8c]
```

### **Load Balancing Test**
```bash
# Check which pods are running where
kubectl get pods -l app=nginx-mycelium -o wide

# Test multiple requests to see load distribution
for i in {1..10}; do curl -s http://[51d:3596:6cc3:81e7:ff0f:d546:3737:4c8c]:80 | grep -o "Node: [^<]*"; done
```

### **Health Monitoring**
```bash
# Check service endpoints
kubectl get endpoints nginx-mycelium-service

# Monitor pod status
kubectl get pods -l app=nginx-mycelium -w

# Check nginx logs
kubectl logs -l app=nginx-mycelium --tail=10
```

## 🌍 Global Use Cases

### **Perfect For:**
- ✅ **Static Website Hosting**: Company sites, portfolios, blogs
- ✅ **Application Frontends**: Web UIs for your applications
- ✅ **Documentation Sites**: API docs, user guides
- ✅ **Proof of Concepts**: Demonstrate global infrastructure
- ✅ **Multi-Region Access**: Users worldwide access the same site

### **Technical Benefits:**
- ✅ **Global CDN**: No centralized server, distributed across nodes
- ✅ **Low Latency**: Users connect to nearest healthy pod
- ✅ **No Bandwidth Limits**: Uses Mycelium's peer-to-peer network
- ✅ **Automatic Scaling**: Kubernetes handles pod creation/deletion

## 📋 Monitoring & Management

### **Real-Time Status**
```bash
# Check deployment status
kubectl get deployment nginx-mycelium

# View service configuration
kubectl get svc nginx-mycelium-service -o yaml

# Check external IPs are configured
kubectl get svc nginx-mycelium-service
```

### **Performance Monitoring**
```bash
# Check resource usage
kubectl top pods -l app=nginx-mycelium

# Monitor nginx access logs
kubectl logs -l app=nginx-mycelium -f

# Check pod distribution
kubectl get pods -l app=nginx-mycelium -o custom-columns=NAME:.metadata.name,NODE:.spec.nodeName,IP:.status.podIP
```

### **Scaling Operations**
```bash
# Current replica count
kubectl get deployment nginx-mycelium

# Scale up for more capacity
kubectl scale deployment nginx-mycelium --replicas=5

# Check load distribution after scaling
kubectl get pods -l app=nginx-mycelium -o wide
```

## 🔍 Troubleshooting

### **Common Issues**

#### **Pod Won't Start**
```bash
# Check pod status and events
kubectl describe pod -l app=nginx-mycelium

# Check node resource availability
kubectl get nodes

# Look for scheduling issues
kubectl get events --sort-by='.lastTimestamp'
```

#### **IPv6 Access Not Working**
```bash
# Test IPv6 connectivity
ping 51d:3596:6cc3:81e7:ff0f:d546:3737:4c8c

# Check if pods are running
kubectl get pods -l app=nginx-mycelium

# Verify service configuration
kubectl get svc nginx-mycelium-service -o wide
```

#### **Load Balancing Issues**
```bash
# Check all pods are ready
kubectl get pods -l app=nginx-mycelium

# Verify endpoints are healthy
kubectl get endpoints nginx-mycelium-service

# Check pod logs for errors
kubectl logs -l app=nginx-mycelium
```

## 🎯 Best Practices

### **Deployment Strategy**
1. **Start Small**: Deploy 1 replica initially
2. **Test Connectivity**: Verify IPv6 access works
3. **Scale Gradually**: Increase replicas based on traffic
4. **Monitor Performance**: Watch resource usage and response times

### **Content Management**
- **Static Files**: Update `index.html` for content changes
- **Volume Mounts**: Use ConfigMaps for dynamic content
- **Health Checks**: Implement proper liveness/readiness probes

### **Security Considerations**
- **No Authentication**: Open access for demonstration purposes
- **Rate Limiting**: Consider adding nginx rate limiting for production
- **HTTPS**: Use TF Gateway CRDs for SSL certificates

## 🚀 Advanced Features

### **Custom Content**
Replace the `index.html` with your own content:
```bash
# Update content
kubectl create configmap nginx-content --from-file=index.html=custom.html

# Rollout update
kubectl rollout restart deployment/nginx-mycelium
```

### **Additional Services**
Add more services following the same pattern:
```bash
# Apply additional nginx services
kubectl apply -f additional-services.yaml

# Each service gets its own LoadBalancer with IPv6
```

### **TF Gateway Integration**
For custom domains and HTTPS:
```yaml
# Use TF Gateway CRD for public domain
apiVersion: ingress.grid.tf/v1
kind: TFGW
metadata:
  name: my-website
spec:
  hostname: "my-website"
  backends:
    - "http://[51d:3596:6cc3:81e7:ff0f:d546:3737:4c8c]:80"
```

## 📊 Performance Characteristics

### **Expected Latency**
- **Local Access**: < 50ms (same node)
- **Regional Access**: 100-300ms (same country/region)
- **Global Access**: 200-500ms (worldwide)

### **Capacity Planning**
- **Single Pod**: ~1,000 concurrent connections
- **3 Pods**: ~3,000 concurrent connections
- **5 Pods**: ~5,000 concurrent connections

### **Resource Usage**
- **Memory**: ~50MB per nginx pod
- **CPU**: ~100m CPU per pod
- **Storage**: Minimal (static files)

## 🌟 Success Metrics

### **Technical Success Indicators**
- ✅ All 3 pods running on different nodes
- ✅ LoadBalancer service shows 6 IPv6 external IPs
- ✅ IPv6 connectivity successful from outside cluster
- ✅ Traffic distributes across all healthy pods

### **User Experience Success**
- ✅ Website loads from any Mycelium IPv6 address
- ✅ Consistent content regardless of access point
- ✅ No authentication required (as intended)
- ✅ Global accessibility confirmed

## 📝 Notes

### **Infrastructure Dependencies**
- **Mycelium Network**: Requires Mycelium client for IPv6 access
- **Kubernetes Cluster**: 3+ nodes recommended for load balancing
- **External Connectivity**: Mycelium must be reachable from internet

### **Limitations**
- **Port 80 Only**: HTTP only (no HTTPS without TF Gateway)
- **Static Content**: Designed for static websites
- **Public Access**: No authentication/authorization

## 🎉 Conclusion

This nginx-mycelium example demonstrates that **Mycelium Cloud can host real, globally accessible websites** with load balancing and high availability.

**Key Takeaways:**
1. **Simple Deployment**: Much cleaner than complex applications
2. **Global Reach**: Any Mycelium user can access your site
3. **Load Balancing**: Traffic distributes across multiple pods
4. **Real Infrastructure**: This is production-grade web hosting

**Perfect for:** Demonstrating the power of Mycelium's global IPv6 internet infrastructure with actual web hosting capabilities!