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# ThreeFold grid inspired by nature
![](img/nature_twin_.jpg)
- Just like we have trillions of cells in our body, so can billions of twins live next to each other
- Each twin has memory, knows how to communicate, has knowledge, history, ...
- Twins like cells cannot live without a body = TFGrid.
## This approach scales for ever
![](img/unlimited_3nodes.png)
- There can be unlimited amounts of 3Nodes as well as Executors (Digital Twins and Web4)
- There are no bottlenecks nor centralization points
- Our peer2peer network technology takes care of routing and security issues between the Twins and the 3Nodes. The shortest paths is always looked for.
## ThreeFold is compatible with the current IT world.
While we push for a new possible, in the meantime our TFGrid infrastructure is compatible with the existing IT and internet ecosystem.
![](img/worldview_executors_.jpg)
- any workload which can run inside linux can run on top of our TFGrid
- any web developer can create apps (experiences) on top of the Digital Twin
- just like kwatth is used as a measurement of capacity for solar panels we have [CU](tfgrid:cloudunits), [SU](tfgrid:cloudunits) and [NU](tfgrid:cloudunits), which are called cloudunits.
- TFT is required to buy CU,SU,NU

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# Internet Evolution to Web 4.0
### Classic Internet
![](img/bad_internet_growth2.jpg)
Everything is structured as client-server model
![](img/everything_client_server.jpg)
- The servers run as applications inside huge datacenters using a lot of energy
- Most of the processes in those servers are being repeated = highly inefficient
- We exist 100x times, very inefficient
- This leads to a lot of centralization -> insecure, as well as abuse of our data
- This has also been called Web 1.0 and Web 2.0
### Blockchain Based Web 3.0 Vision
Blockchain decentralized the server, but in principle it remains a client - server model
![](img/blockchain_is_clientserver.jpg)
- It is definitely a step in the right direction but the paradigm is the same
- We as users still exist in different systems, and have to deal with different applications (protocols)
- These blockchains can be integrated, and through Web 2.0 concepts the web application can interact with multiple blockchains at the same time
- This has also been called Web 3.0
![](img/blockchain_based_distr_computer.jpg)
The browser has now become our operating system running on javascript. All applications run in our browser and interact with multiple blockchains.
> Please note we are 100% compatible with Web3 and we support this way of working completely. We see ourselves as a missing layer for Web 3.0.
### Evolution To Peer2Peer
![](img/compare_3_parts.jpg)
### The Web 4.0 Digital Twin Vision
In the Web 4.0 vision, the user has been put in the center (digital twin usecase)
![](img/internet_evolution.jpg)
- you in the center of your digital life
- blockchain only needed for specific functions (money, identity, smart contracts, ...)
- internet 10x more efficient
- data sovereignity for all
- an internet created by all for all = **be the internet**

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## The ThreeFold Grid Provides the IT energy
![](img/executors_.jpg)
Each 3Node is an IT Power generator. The TFGrid is the network of these 3Nodes.
![](img/power_generation.jpg)
Needs to be super simple, just like a solar panel generates electricity.
![](img/power_generator_comparison.jpg)
- The 3nodes do for internet what solar panels do for large scale electricity power plants.
- They allow everyone to contribute to a new internet.
- People investing in the 3nodes are called [farmers](farming_home).
- Each farmer receives tokens called TFT for providing this IT capacity.
- IT Capacity is storage, compute and network capacity for this upgraded internet.
- The Twins need TFT to pay for the IT capacity they need.

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# What Is

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# Web 4.0 Digital Twin
The ThreeFold web4 Digital Twin architecture puts the user in the center of its digital life, for that every user owns a digital twin running on the ThreeFold grid.
![](img/digital_twin_to_browser.jpg)
Every user uses any browser to access their digital twin.
### The twin has many capabilities:
The twin has basic capabilities which are strongly version controlled, but contributions from the global community are more than welcome.
![](img/twin_capabilities_.jpg)
### Experiences
Developers create Experiences using the twin capabilities, not apps.
Experiences re-use the same capabilities.
This has huge benefits
- a lot less development effort needed per experience
- more sustainable (less energy loss)
- easier for user, no duplication
- more simplicy
- more powerful

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## Integration to Web 2
Each Digital Twin can talk to the classic internet and web 2 interfaces.
![](img/web2_integration_w4.png)
Each Twin knows how to talk legacy protocols like SMTP, POP3, DNS, ... (in development) to allow seamless integration.
In case more compute is required for a specific usecase like gaming, AI, data processing the twin can spin up compute & storage requirements on the TFGrid and as such become way more powerful for the time required.
This leads to huge flexibility and efficiency.
Any application can be developed on top and is compatible with existing development world.

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## Integration with blockchain (web 3)
The twin integrates with web 3 or blockchain for the following functions:
- money
- smart contract between people
- consensus between lots of people around info
- proof of authority, authentication, ...
- reputation system
![](img/web4_bc_link.png)
Each twin can talk to any required blockchain in a way that is 100% transparent for the user.

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# Web 4 Intro
{{#include web4_intro_.md}}

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![](img/web_intro_0.png)
Web 4 is a new concept which is the combination of Web 3 (blockchain) and digital twin technology.
Its a concept with many advantages like
- less power usage
- more scalability
- more flexibility
- faster development
- more security
### Architecture Intro
![](img/web4_architecture_intro.png)
**Specific for storage, there are some cool features:**
Each twin has its own storage system where data cannot be lost or corrupted. Each twin decides for itself where the data will be stored.

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# Modern Digital Backbone Architecture
{{#include web4_intro_.md}}

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## Web 4 unique storage architecture
![](img/storage_web4_twin.png)
Each Digital Twin can now store data which can never be lost or corrupted.
- This is not based on replication or blockchain!
- Data is distributed over multiple 3nodes in such a way that not even a quantum computer can hack it.
- The data is 100% owned by the owner and zero-knowledge proof to the the TFGrid.
- This concept scales unlimited.