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166
tools/example_autoconfig/autoconfig
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tools/example_autoconfig/autoconfig
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## ======================================================
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## Hetzner Online GmbH - installimage - standard config
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## ======================================================
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## ====================
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## HARD DISK DRIVE(S):
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## ====================
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# Device Model: SAMSUNG MZQLB1T9HAJR-00007, Serial Number: S439NA0R200855
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DRIVE1 /dev/nvme0n1
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# Device Model: SAMSUNG MZQLB1T9HAJR-00007, Serial Number: S439NA0R200886
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DRIVE2 /dev/nvme1n1
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## ===============
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## SOFTWARE RAID:
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## ===============
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## activate software RAID? < 0 | 1 >
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SWRAID 1
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## Choose the level for the software RAID < 0 | 1 | 10 >
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SWRAIDLEVEL 1
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## ==========
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## HOSTNAME:
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## ==========
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## which hostname should be set?
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##
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HOSTNAME Ubuntu-2404-noble-amd64-base
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## ================
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## NETWORK CONFIG:
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## ================
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# IPV4_ONLY no
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## =============
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## MISC CONFIG:
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## =============
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USE_KERNEL_MODE_SETTING yes
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## ==========================
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## PARTITIONS / FILESYSTEMS:
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## ==========================
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## define your partitions and filesystems like this:
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##
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## PART <mountpoint/lvm/btrfs.X> <filesystem/VG> <size in MB>
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##
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## * <mountpoint/lvm/btrfs.X>
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## mountpoint for this filesystem *OR*
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## keyword 'lvm' to use this PART as volume group (VG) for LVM *OR*
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## identifier 'btrfs.X' to use this PART as volume for
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## btrfs subvolumes. X can be replaced with a unique
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## alphanumeric keyword
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## NOTE: no support btrfs multi-device volumes
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## NOTE: reiserfs support is deprecated and will be removed in a future version
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## * <filesystem/VG>
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## can be ext2, ext3, ext4, btrfs, reiserfs, xfs, swap *OR* name
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## of the LVM volume group (VG), if this PART is a VG.
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## * <size>
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## you can use the keyword 'all' to assign all the
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## remaining space of the drive to the *last* partition.
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## you can use M/G/T for unit specification in MiB/GiB/TiB
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##
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## notes:
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## - extended partitions are created automatically
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## - '/boot' cannot be on a xfs filesystem
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## - '/boot' cannot be on LVM!
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## - when using software RAID 0, you need a '/boot' partition
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##
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## example without LVM (default):
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## -> 4GB swapspace
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## -> 1024MB /boot
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## -> 10GB /
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## -> 5GB /tmp
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## -> all the rest to /home
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#PART swap swap 4G
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#PART /boot ext2 1024M
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#PART / ext4 10G
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#PART /tmp xfs 5G
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#PART /home ext3 all
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#
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##
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## to activate LVM, you have to define volume groups and logical volumes
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##
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## example with LVM:
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#
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## normal filesystems and volume group definitions:
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## -> 1024MB boot (not on lvm)
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## -> all the rest for LVM VG 'vg0'
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#PART /boot ext3 1024M
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#PART lvm vg0 all
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#
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## logical volume definitions:
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#LV <VG> <name> <mount> <filesystem> <size>
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#
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#LV vg0 root / ext4 10G
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#LV vg0 swap swap swap 4G
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#LV vg0 home /home xfs 20G
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#
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##
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## to use btrfs subvolumes, define a volume identifier on a partition
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##
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## example with btrfs subvolumes:
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##
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## -> all space on one partition with volume 'btrfs.1'
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#PART btrfs.1 btrfs all
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##
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## btrfs subvolume definitions:
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#SUBVOL <volume> <subvolume> <mount>
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#
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#SUBVOL btrfs.1 @ /
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#SUBVOL btrfs.1 @/usr /usr
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#SUBVOL btrfs.1 @home /home
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#
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## your system has the following devices:
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#
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# Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 1.93 TB (=> 1.75 TiB)
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# Disk /dev/nvme1n1: 1.93 TB (=> 1.75 TiB)
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#
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## Based on your disks and which RAID level you will choose you have
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## the following free space to allocate (in GiB):
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# RAID 0: ~3576
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# RAID 1: ~1788
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#
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PART swap swap 4G
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PART /boot ext3 1024M
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PART / ext4 all
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## ========================
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## OPERATING SYSTEM IMAGE:
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## ========================
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## full path to the operating system image
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## supported image sources: local dir, ftp, http, nfs
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## supported image types: tar, tar.gz, tar.bz, tar.bz2, tar.xz, tgz, tbz, txz
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## examples:
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#
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# local: /path/to/image/filename.tar.gz
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# ftp: ftp://<user>:<password>@hostname/path/to/image/filename.tar.bz2
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# http: http://<user>:<password>@hostname/path/to/image/filename.tbz
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# https: https://<user>:<password>@hostname/path/to/image/filename.tbz
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# nfs: hostname:/path/to/image/filename.tgz
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#
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# for validation of the image, place the detached gpg-signature
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# and your public key in the same directory as your image file.
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# naming examples:
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# signature: filename.tar.bz2.sig
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# public key: public-key.asc
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IMAGE /root/.oldroot/nfs/install/../images/Ubuntu-2404-noble-amd64-base.tar.gz
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0
tools/readme.md
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0
tools/readme.md
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287
tools/ubuntu_install.sh
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tools/ubuntu_install.sh
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#!/bin/bash
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# Ubuntu 24.04 Unattended Installation Script for Hetzner Dedicated Servers
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# Uses btrfs with RAID 1 over 2 disks
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# Based on Hetzner installimage system
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set -e
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# Colors for output
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RED='\033[0;31m'
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GREEN='\033[0;32m'
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YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
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NC='\033[0m' # No Color
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log() {
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echo -e "${GREEN}[$(date +'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] $1${NC}"
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}
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warn() {
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echo -e "${YELLOW}[$(date +'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] WARNING: $1${NC}"
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}
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error() {
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echo -e "${RED}[$(date +'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] ERROR: $1${NC}"
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exit 1
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}
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# Check if running in rescue system
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INSTALLIMAGE_PATH=""
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if [ -f /root/.oldroot/nfs/install/installimage ]; then
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INSTALLIMAGE_PATH="/root/.oldroot/nfs/install/installimage"
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elif [ -f /usr/bin/installimage ]; then
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INSTALLIMAGE_PATH="/usr/bin/installimage"
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else
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error "This script must be run from Hetzner rescue system (installimage not found)"
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fi
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# Additional check for rescue system
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if [ ! -f /etc/hostname ] || [ "$(cat /etc/hostname 2>/dev/null)" != "rescue" ]; then
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warn "Hostname is not 'rescue' - make sure you're running this in Hetzner rescue system"
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fi
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log "Found installimage at: $INSTALLIMAGE_PATH"
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# Detect available NVMe drives
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DRIVES=($(lsblk -d -n -o NAME | grep nvme | head -2))
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if [ ${#DRIVES[@]} -lt 2 ]; then
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error "At least 2 drives are required for RAID 1 setup. Found: ${#DRIVES[@]}"
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fi
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DRIVE1="/dev/${DRIVES[0]}"
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DRIVE2="/dev/${DRIVES[1]}"
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log "Detected drives: $DRIVE1, $DRIVE2"
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# Get drive information
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DRIVE1_MODEL=$(lsblk -d -n -o MODEL $DRIVE1 2>/dev/null || echo "Unknown")
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DRIVE2_MODEL=$(lsblk -d -n -o MODEL $DRIVE2 2>/dev/null || echo "Unknown")
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DRIVE1_SERIAL=$(lsblk -d -n -o SERIAL $DRIVE1 2>/dev/null || echo "Unknown")
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DRIVE2_SERIAL=$(lsblk -d -n -o SERIAL $DRIVE2 2>/dev/null || echo "Unknown")
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log "Drive 1: $DRIVE1 - Model: $DRIVE1_MODEL, Serial: $DRIVE1_SERIAL"
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log "Drive 2: $DRIVE2 - Model: $DRIVE2_MODEL, Serial: $DRIVE2_SERIAL"
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# Create the installimage configuration file
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# Note: installimage expects /autosetup to be a file, not a directory
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cat > /autosetup << EOF
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## ======================================================
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## Hetzner Online GmbH - installimage - Ubuntu 24.04 with btrfs RAID
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## ======================================================
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## ====================
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## HARD DISK DRIVE(S):
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## ====================
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# Device Model: $DRIVE1_MODEL, Serial Number: $DRIVE1_SERIAL
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DRIVE1 $DRIVE1
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# Device Model: $DRIVE2_MODEL, Serial Number: $DRIVE2_SERIAL
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DRIVE2 $DRIVE2
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## ===============
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## SOFTWARE RAID:
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## ===============
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## activate software RAID? < 0 | 1 >
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SWRAID 1
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## Choose the level for the software RAID < 0 | 1 | 10 >
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SWRAIDLEVEL 1
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## ==========
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## HOSTNAME:
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## ==========
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## which hostname should be set?
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HOSTNAME Ubuntu-2404-noble-amd64-btrfs
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## ================
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## NETWORK CONFIG:
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## ================
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# IPV4_ONLY no
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## =============
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## MISC CONFIG:
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## =============
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USE_KERNEL_MODE_SETTING yes
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## ==========================
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## PARTITIONS / FILESYSTEMS:
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## ==========================
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## Using btrfs with subvolumes for better snapshot and management capabilities
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## RAID 1 provides redundancy across both drives
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# Boot partition (cannot be on btrfs RAID)
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PART /boot ext4 1024M
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# Swap partition
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PART swap swap 4G
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# Main btrfs volume for root filesystem
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PART btrfs.main btrfs all
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## btrfs subvolume definitions:
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## Using @ prefix convention for subvolumes
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SUBVOL btrfs.main @ /
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SUBVOL btrfs.main @home /home
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SUBVOL btrfs.main @var /var
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SUBVOL btrfs.main @var/log /var/log
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SUBVOL btrfs.main @tmp /tmp
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SUBVOL btrfs.main @opt /opt
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SUBVOL btrfs.main @srv /srv
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SUBVOL btrfs.main @snapshots /.snapshots
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## ========================
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## OPERATING SYSTEM IMAGE:
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## ========================
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## Ubuntu 24.04 LTS Noble Numbat
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IMAGE /root/.oldroot/nfs/install/../images/Ubuntu-2404-noble-amd64-base.tar.gz
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EOF
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log "Created installimage configuration at /autosetup"
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# Create autosetup directory for additional scripts
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mkdir -p /autosetup_scripts
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# Create post-installation script for btrfs optimization
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cat > /autosetup_scripts/post_install.sh << 'EOF'
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#!/bin/bash
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# Post-installation script for btrfs optimization
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log() {
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echo "[$(date +'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] $1"
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}
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log "Starting post-installation btrfs optimization..."
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# Install btrfs-progs if not already installed
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if ! command -v btrfs &> /dev/null; then
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log "Installing btrfs-progs..."
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apt-get update
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apt-get install -y btrfs-progs
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fi
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# Set btrfs mount options for better performance and features
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log "Configuring btrfs mount options..."
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# Backup original fstab
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cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.backup
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# Update fstab with optimized btrfs mount options
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sed -i 's/btrfs\s\+defaults/btrfs defaults,noatime,compress=zstd:3,space_cache=v2,autodefrag/' /etc/fstab
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# Create btrfs maintenance scripts
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mkdir -p /etc/cron.weekly
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# Weekly balance script
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cat > /etc/cron.weekly/btrfs-balance << 'BALANCE_EOF'
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#!/bin/bash
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# Weekly btrfs balance to optimize space usage
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/usr/bin/btrfs balance start -dusage=50 -musage=50 / 2>/dev/null || true
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BALANCE_EOF
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chmod +x /etc/cron.weekly/btrfs-balance
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# Weekly scrub script for data integrity
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cat > /etc/cron.weekly/btrfs-scrub << 'SCRUB_EOF'
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#!/bin/bash
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# Weekly btrfs scrub for data integrity check
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/usr/bin/btrfs scrub start / 2>/dev/null || true
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SCRUB_EOF
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chmod +x /etc/cron.weekly/btrfs-scrub
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# Install and configure snapper for automatic snapshots
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log "Installing and configuring snapper for automatic snapshots..."
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apt-get install -y snapper
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# Create snapper config for root
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snapper -c root create-config /
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# Configure snapper for reasonable snapshot retention
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snapper -c root set-config TIMELINE_CREATE=yes
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snapper -c root set-config TIMELINE_CLEANUP=yes
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snapper -c root set-config NUMBER_CLEANUP=yes
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snapper -c root set-config NUMBER_MIN_AGE=1800
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snapper -c root set-config NUMBER_LIMIT=50
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snapper -c root set-config NUMBER_LIMIT_IMPORTANT=10
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# Enable snapper timer
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systemctl enable snapper-timeline.timer
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systemctl enable snapper-cleanup.timer
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log "Post-installation btrfs optimization completed"
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EOF
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chmod +x /autosetup_scripts/post_install.sh
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log "Created post-installation script at /autosetup_scripts/post_install.sh"
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# Create a script to monitor RAID status
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cat > /autosetup_scripts/raid_monitor.sh << 'EOF'
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#!/bin/bash
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# RAID monitoring script for btrfs
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check_btrfs_raid() {
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echo "=== Btrfs RAID Status ==="
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btrfs filesystem show
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echo
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echo "=== Btrfs Device Stats ==="
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btrfs device stats /
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echo
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echo "=== Btrfs Filesystem Usage ==="
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btrfs filesystem usage /
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}
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# Check if btrfs tools are available
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if command -v btrfs &> /dev/null; then
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check_btrfs_raid
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else
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echo "btrfs-progs not installed. Install with: apt-get install btrfs-progs"
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fi
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EOF
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chmod +x /autosetup_scripts/raid_monitor.sh
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log "Created RAID monitoring script at /autosetup_scripts/raid_monitor.sh"
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# Verify configuration
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log "Verifying configuration..."
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if [ ! -f /autosetup ]; then
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error "Failed to create /autosetup configuration file"
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fi
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log "Configuration files created successfully:"
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log " - /autosetup (main installation config)"
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# Run installimage with the configuration
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log "Starting Ubuntu 24.04 installation with btrfs RAID 1..."
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log "This will DESTROY ALL DATA on $DRIVE1 and $DRIVE2"
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read -p "Are you sure you want to continue? (yes/no): " confirm
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if [ "$confirm" != "yes" ]; then
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log "Installation cancelled by user"
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exit 0
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fi
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# Execute installimage
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log "Executing installimage..."
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$INSTALLIMAGE_PATH -a -c /autosetup
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if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
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log "Installation completed successfully!"
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log "The system will reboot automatically."
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log "After reboot, run /autosetup_scripts/post_install.sh to optimize btrfs settings"
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log "Use /autosetup_scripts/raid_monitor.sh to monitor RAID status"
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else
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error "Installation failed. Check the logs for details."
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fi
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log "Installation process completed."
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EOF
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