# module builtin ## Contents - [Constants](#Constants) - [C.android_print](#C.android_print) - [arguments](#arguments) - [at_exit](#at_exit) - [c_error_number_str](#c_error_number_str) - [compare_strings](#compare_strings) - [copy](#copy) - [cstring_to_vstring](#cstring_to_vstring) - [eprint](#eprint) - [eprintln](#eprintln) - [error](#error) - [error_with_code](#error_with_code) - [exit](#exit) - [f32_abs](#f32_abs) - [f32_max](#f32_max) - [f32_min](#f32_min) - [f64_abs](#f64_abs) - [f64_max](#f64_max) - [f64_min](#f64_min) - [flush_stderr](#flush_stderr) - [flush_stdout](#flush_stdout) - [free](#free) - [gc_check_leaks](#gc_check_leaks) - [gc_collect](#gc_collect) - [gc_disable](#gc_disable) - [gc_enable](#gc_enable) - [gc_get_warn_proc](#gc_get_warn_proc) - [gc_heap_usage](#gc_heap_usage) - [gc_is_enabled](#gc_is_enabled) - [gc_memory_use](#gc_memory_use) - [gc_set_warn_proc](#gc_set_warn_proc) - [get_str_intp_u32_format](#get_str_intp_u32_format) - [get_str_intp_u64_format](#get_str_intp_u64_format) - [input_character](#input_character) - [int_max](#int_max) - [int_min](#int_min) - [isnil](#isnil) - [malloc](#malloc) - [malloc_noscan](#malloc_noscan) - [malloc_uncollectable](#malloc_uncollectable) - [memdup](#memdup) - [memdup_noscan](#memdup_noscan) - [memdup_uncollectable](#memdup_uncollectable) - [panic](#panic) - [panic_error_number](#panic_error_number) - [panic_lasterr](#panic_lasterr) - [panic_n](#panic_n) - [panic_n2](#panic_n2) - [panic_option_not_set](#panic_option_not_set) - [panic_result_not_set](#panic_result_not_set) - [print](#print) - [print_backtrace](#print_backtrace) - [print_backtrace_skipping_top_frames](#print_backtrace_skipping_top_frames) - [print_character](#print_character) - [println](#println) - [proc_pidpath](#proc_pidpath) - [ptr_str](#ptr_str) - [realloc_data](#realloc_data) - [str_intp](#str_intp) - [str_intp_g32](#str_intp_g32) - [str_intp_g64](#str_intp_g64) - [str_intp_rune](#str_intp_rune) - [str_intp_sq](#str_intp_sq) - [str_intp_sub](#str_intp_sub) - [string_from_wide](#string_from_wide) - [string_from_wide2](#string_from_wide2) - [string_to_ansi_not_null_terminated](#string_to_ansi_not_null_terminated) - [tos](#tos) - [tos2](#tos2) - [tos3](#tos3) - [tos4](#tos4) - [tos5](#tos5) - [tos_clone](#tos_clone) - [unbuffer_stdout](#unbuffer_stdout) - [utf32_decode_to_buffer](#utf32_decode_to_buffer) - [utf32_to_str](#utf32_to_str) - [utf32_to_str_no_malloc](#utf32_to_str_no_malloc) - [utf8_char_len](#utf8_char_len) - [utf8_str_visible_length](#utf8_str_visible_length) - [v_realloc](#v_realloc) - [vcalloc](#vcalloc) - [vcalloc_noscan](#vcalloc_noscan) - [vmemcmp](#vmemcmp) - [vmemcpy](#vmemcpy) - [vmemmove](#vmemmove) - [vmemset](#vmemset) - [vstrlen](#vstrlen) - [vstrlen_char](#vstrlen_char) - [wide_to_ansi](#wide_to_ansi) - [IError](#IError) - [free](#free) - [str](#str) - [C.intptr_t](#C.intptr_t) - [FnExitCb](#FnExitCb) - [FnGC_WarnCB](#FnGC_WarnCB) - [MessageError](#MessageError) - [str](#str) - [msg](#msg) - [code](#code) - [free](#free) - [[]rune](#[]rune) - [string](#string) - [[]string](#[]string) - [free](#free) - [join](#join) - [join_lines](#join_lines) - [sort_by_len](#sort_by_len) - [sort_ignore_case](#sort_ignore_case) - [str](#str) - [[]u8](#[]u8) - [byterune](#byterune) - [bytestr](#bytestr) - [hex](#hex) - [utf8_to_utf32](#utf8_to_utf32) - [bool](#bool) - [str](#str) - [byte](#byte) - [byteptr](#byteptr) - [str](#str) - [vbytes](#vbytes) - [vstring](#vstring) - [vstring_literal](#vstring_literal) - [vstring_literal_with_len](#vstring_literal_with_len) - [vstring_with_len](#vstring_with_len) - [chan](#chan) - [close](#close) - [try_pop](#try_pop) - [try_push](#try_push) - [char](#char) - [str](#str) - [vstring](#vstring) - [vstring_literal](#vstring_literal) - [vstring_literal_with_len](#vstring_literal_with_len) - [vstring_with_len](#vstring_with_len) - [charptr](#charptr) - [str](#str) - [vstring](#vstring) - [vstring_literal](#vstring_literal) - [vstring_literal_with_len](#vstring_literal_with_len) - [vstring_with_len](#vstring_with_len) - [f32](#f32) - [str](#str) - [strg](#strg) - [strsci](#strsci) - [strlong](#strlong) - [eq_epsilon](#eq_epsilon) - [f64](#f64) - [str](#str) - [strg](#strg) - [strsci](#strsci) - [strlong](#strlong) - [eq_epsilon](#eq_epsilon) - [float-literal](#float literal) - [str](#str) - [i16](#i16) - [str](#str) - [hex](#hex) - [hex_full](#hex_full) - [i32](#i32) - [str](#str) - [i64](#i64) - [str](#str) - [hex](#hex) - [hex_full](#hex_full) - [i8](#i8) - [str](#str) - [hex](#hex) - [hex_full](#hex_full) - [int](#int) - [hex_full](#hex_full) - [str](#str) - [hex](#hex) - [hex2](#hex2) - [int-literal](#int literal) - [str](#str) - [hex](#hex) - [hex_full](#hex_full) - [isize](#isize) - [str](#str) - [none](#none) - [str](#str) - [rune](#rune) - [str](#str) - [repeat](#repeat) - [bytes](#bytes) - [length_in_bytes](#length_in_bytes) - [to_upper](#to_upper) - [to_lower](#to_lower) - [to_title](#to_title) - [u16](#u16) - [str](#str) - [hex](#hex) - [hex_full](#hex_full) - [u32](#u32) - [str](#str) - [hex](#hex) - [hex_full](#hex_full) - [u64](#u64) - [str](#str) - [hex](#hex) - [hex_full](#hex_full) - [u8](#u8) - [ascii_str](#ascii_str) - [free](#free) - [hex](#hex) - [hex_full](#hex_full) - [is_alnum](#is_alnum) - [is_bin_digit](#is_bin_digit) - [is_capital](#is_capital) - [is_digit](#is_digit) - [is_hex_digit](#is_hex_digit) - [is_letter](#is_letter) - [is_oct_digit](#is_oct_digit) - [is_space](#is_space) - [repeat](#repeat) - [str](#str) - [str_escaped](#str_escaped) - [vbytes](#vbytes) - [vstring](#vstring) - [vstring_literal](#vstring_literal) - [vstring_literal_with_len](#vstring_literal_with_len) - [vstring_with_len](#vstring_with_len) - [usize](#usize) - [str](#str) - [voidptr](#voidptr) - [hex_full](#hex_full) - [str](#str) - [vbytes](#vbytes) - [ArrayFlags](#ArrayFlags) - [AttributeKind](#AttributeKind) - [ChanState](#ChanState) - [StrIntpType](#StrIntpType) - [str](#str) - [C.DIR](#C.DIR) - [C.FILE](#C.FILE) - [C.GC_stack_base](#C.GC_stack_base) - [C.IError](#C.IError) - [EnumData](#EnumData) - [Error](#Error) - [msg](#msg) - [code](#code) - [FieldData](#FieldData) - [FunctionData](#FunctionData) - [GCHeapUsage](#GCHeapUsage) - [MethodParam](#MethodParam) - [SortedMap](#SortedMap) - [delete](#delete) - [keys](#keys) - [free](#free) - [print](#print) - [StrIntpCgenData](#StrIntpCgenData) - [StrIntpData](#StrIntpData) - [StrIntpMem](#StrIntpMem) - [VAssertMetaInfo](#VAssertMetaInfo) - [free](#free) - [VAttribute](#VAttribute) - [VContext](#VContext) - [VariantData](#VariantData) - [WrapConfig](#WrapConfig) - [array](#array) - [repeat](#repeat) - [repeat_to_depth](#repeat_to_depth) - [insert](#insert) - [prepend](#prepend) - [delete](#delete) - [delete_many](#delete_many) - [clear](#clear) - [reset](#reset) - [trim](#trim) - [drop](#drop) - [first](#first) - [last](#last) - [pop](#pop) - [delete_last](#delete_last) - [clone](#clone) - [clone_to_depth](#clone_to_depth) - [push_many](#push_many) - [reverse_in_place](#reverse_in_place) - [reverse](#reverse) - [free](#free) - [filter](#filter) - [any](#any) - [count](#count) - [all](#all) - [map](#map) - [sort](#sort) - [sorted](#sorted) - [sort_with_compare](#sort_with_compare) - [sorted_with_compare](#sorted_with_compare) - [contains](#contains) - [index](#index) - [grow_cap](#grow_cap) - [grow_len](#grow_len) - [pointers](#pointers) - [map](#map) - [move](#move) - [clear](#clear) - [reserve](#reserve) - [delete](#delete) - [keys](#keys) - [values](#values) - [clone](#clone) - [free](#free) - [string](#string) - [after](#after) - [after_char](#after_char) - [all_after](#all_after) - [all_after_first](#all_after_first) - [all_after_last](#all_after_last) - [all_before](#all_before) - [all_before_last](#all_before_last) - [before](#before) - [bool](#bool) - [bytes](#bytes) - [camel_to_snake](#camel_to_snake) - [capitalize](#capitalize) - [clone](#clone) - [compare](#compare) - [contains](#contains) - [contains_any](#contains_any) - [contains_any_substr](#contains_any_substr) - [contains_only](#contains_only) - [contains_u8](#contains_u8) - [count](#count) - [ends_with](#ends_with) - [f32](#f32) - [f64](#f64) - [fields](#fields) - [find_between](#find_between) - [free](#free) - [hash](#hash) - [hex](#hex) - [i16](#i16) - [i32](#i32) - [i64](#i64) - [i8](#i8) - [indent_width](#indent_width) - [index](#index) - [index_after](#index_after) - [index_any](#index_any) - [index_u8](#index_u8) - [int](#int) - [is_ascii](#is_ascii) - [is_bin](#is_bin) - [is_blank](#is_blank) - [is_capital](#is_capital) - [is_hex](#is_hex) - [is_int](#is_int) - [is_lower](#is_lower) - [is_oct](#is_oct) - [is_pure_ascii](#is_pure_ascii) - [is_title](#is_title) - [is_upper](#is_upper) - [last_index](#last_index) - [last_index_u8](#last_index_u8) - [len_utf8](#len_utf8) - [limit](#limit) - [match_glob](#match_glob) - [normalize_tabs](#normalize_tabs) - [parse_int](#parse_int) - [parse_uint](#parse_uint) - [repeat](#repeat) - [replace](#replace) - [replace_char](#replace_char) - [replace_each](#replace_each) - [replace_once](#replace_once) - [reverse](#reverse) - [rsplit](#rsplit) - [rsplit_any](#rsplit_any) - [rsplit_nth](#rsplit_nth) - [rsplit_once](#rsplit_once) - [runes](#runes) - [snake_to_camel](#snake_to_camel) - [split](#split) - [split_any](#split_any) - [split_by_space](#split_by_space) - [split_into_lines](#split_into_lines) - [split_n](#split_n) - [split_nth](#split_nth) - [split_once](#split_once) - [starts_with](#starts_with) - [starts_with_capital](#starts_with_capital) - [str](#str) - [strip_margin](#strip_margin) - [strip_margin_custom](#strip_margin_custom) - [substr](#substr) - [substr_ni](#substr_ni) - [substr_unsafe](#substr_unsafe) - [substr_with_check](#substr_with_check) - [title](#title) - [to_lower](#to_lower) - [to_lower_ascii](#to_lower_ascii) - [to_upper](#to_upper) - [to_upper_ascii](#to_upper_ascii) - [to_wide](#to_wide) - [trim](#trim) - [trim_indent](#trim_indent) - [trim_indexes](#trim_indexes) - [trim_left](#trim_left) - [trim_right](#trim_right) - [trim_space](#trim_space) - [trim_space_left](#trim_space_left) - [trim_space_right](#trim_space_right) - [trim_string_left](#trim_string_left) - [trim_string_right](#trim_string_right) - [u16](#u16) - [u32](#u32) - [u64](#u64) - [u8](#u8) - [u8_array](#u8_array) - [uncapitalize](#uncapitalize) - [utf32_code](#utf32_code) - [wrap](#wrap) ## Constants [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## C.android_print [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## arguments [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## at_exit [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## c_error_number_str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## compare_strings [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## copy [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## cstring_to_vstring [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## eprint [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## eprintln [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## error Example ```v if ouch { return error('an error occurred') } ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## error_with_code Example ```v if ouch { return error_with_code('an error occurred', 1) } ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## exit [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## f32_abs Example ```v assert f32_abs(-2.0) == 2.0 ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## f32_max Example ```v assert f32_max(2.0,3.0) == 3.0 ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## f32_min Example ```v assert f32_min(2.0,3.0) == 2.0 ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## f64_abs Example ```v assert f64_abs(-2.0) == f64(2.0) ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## f64_max Example ```v assert f64_max(2.0,3.0) == 3.0 ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## f64_min Example ```v assert f64_min(2.0,3.0) == 2.0 ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## flush_stderr [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## flush_stdout [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## free [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## gc_check_leaks [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## gc_collect [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## gc_disable [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## gc_enable [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## gc_get_warn_proc [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## gc_heap_usage [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## gc_is_enabled [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## gc_memory_use [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## gc_set_warn_proc [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## get_str_intp_u32_format [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## get_str_intp_u64_format [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## input_character [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## int_max Example ```v assert int_max(2,3) == 3 ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## int_min Example ```v assert int_min(2,3) == 2 ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## isnil [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## malloc [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## malloc_noscan [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## malloc_uncollectable [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## memdup [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## memdup_noscan [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## memdup_uncollectable [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## panic [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## panic_error_number [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## panic_lasterr [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## panic_n [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## panic_n2 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## panic_option_not_set [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## panic_result_not_set [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## print [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## print_backtrace [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## print_backtrace_skipping_top_frames [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## print_character [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## println [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## proc_pidpath [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## ptr_str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## realloc_data [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## str_intp [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## str_intp_g32 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## str_intp_g64 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## str_intp_rune [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## str_intp_sq [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## str_intp_sub [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## string_from_wide [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## string_from_wide2 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## string_to_ansi_not_null_terminated [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## tos [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## tos2 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## tos3 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## tos4 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## tos5 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## tos_clone [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## unbuffer_stdout [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## utf32_decode_to_buffer [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## utf32_to_str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## utf32_to_str_no_malloc [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## utf8_char_len [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## utf8_str_visible_length [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## v_realloc [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vcalloc [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vcalloc_noscan [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vmemcmp [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vmemcpy [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vmemmove [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vmemset [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstrlen [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstrlen_char [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## wide_to_ansi [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## IError [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## free [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## C.intptr_t [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## FnExitCb [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## FnGC_WarnCB [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## MessageError ## str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## msg [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## code [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## free [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## []rune ## string [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## []string ## free [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## join Example ```v assert ['Hello','V'].join(' ') == 'Hello V' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## join_lines [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## sort_by_len [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## sort_ignore_case [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## str Example ```v ['a', 'b', 'c'].str() // => "['a', 'b', 'c']". ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## []u8 ## byterune [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## bytestr [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## utf8_to_utf32 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## bool ## str Example ```v assert (2 > 1).str() == 'true' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## byte [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## byteptr ## str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vbytes [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstring [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstring_literal [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstring_literal_with_len [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstring_with_len [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## chan ## close [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## try_pop [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## try_push [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## char ## str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstring [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstring_literal [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstring_literal_with_len [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstring_with_len [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## charptr ## str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstring [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstring_literal [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstring_literal_with_len [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstring_with_len [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## f32 ## str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## strg [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## strsci Example ```v assert f32(1.234).strsci(3) == '1.234e+00' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## strlong [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## eq_epsilon Example ```v assert f32(2.0).eq_epsilon(2.0) ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## f64 ## str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## strg [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## strsci Example ```v assert f64(1.234).strsci(3) == '1.234e+00' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## strlong Example ```v assert f64(1.23456).strlong() == '1.23456' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## eq_epsilon Example ```v assert f64(2.0).eq_epsilon(2.0) ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## float literal ## str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## i16 ## str Example ```v assert i16(-20).str() == '-20' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex Examples ```v assert i16(2).hex() == '2' assert i16(200).hex() == 'c8' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex_full [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## i32 ## str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## i64 ## str Example ```v assert i64(-200000).str() == '-200000' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex Examples ```v assert i64(2).hex() == '2' assert i64(-200).hex() == 'ffffffffffffff38' assert i64(2021).hex() == '7e5' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex_full [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## i8 ## str Example ```v assert i8(-2).str() == '-2' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex Examples ```v assert i8(8).hex() == '08' assert i8(10).hex() == '0a' assert i8(15).hex() == '0f' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex_full [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## int ## hex_full [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## str Example ```v assert int(-2020).str() == '-2020' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex Examples ```v assert int(2).hex() == '2' assert int(200).hex() == 'c8' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex2 Examples ```v assert int(8).hex2() == '0x8' assert int(15).hex2() == '0xf' assert int(18).hex2() == '0x12' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## int literal ## str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex_full [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## isize ## str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## none ## str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## rune ## str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## repeat [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## bytes [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## length_in_bytes [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## to_upper [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## to_lower [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## to_title [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## u16 ## str Example ```v assert u16(20).str() == '20' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex Examples ```v assert u16(2).hex() == '2' assert u16(200).hex() == 'c8' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex_full [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## u32 ## str Example ```v assert u32(20000).str() == '20000' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex Examples ```v assert u32(2).hex() == '2' assert u32(200).hex() == 'c8' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex_full [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## u64 ## str Example ```v assert u64(2000000).str() == '2000000' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex Examples ```v assert u64(2).hex() == '2' assert u64(2000).hex() == '7d0' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex_full Examples ```v assert u64(2).hex_full() == '0000000000000002' assert u64(255).hex_full() == '00000000000000ff' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## u8 ## ascii_str Example ```v assert u8(97).ascii_str() == 'a' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## free [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex Examples ```v assert u8(2).hex() == '02' assert u8(15).hex() == '0f' assert u8(255).hex() == 'ff' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex_full [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_alnum Example ```v assert u8(`V`).is_alnum() == true ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_bin_digit Example ```v assert u8(`0`).is_bin_digit() == true ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_capital Examples ```v assert `H`.is_capital() == true assert `h`.is_capital() == false ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_digit Example ```v assert u8(`9`).is_digit() == true ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_hex_digit Example ```v assert u8(`F`).is_hex_digit() == true ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_letter Example ```v assert u8(`V`).is_letter() == true ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_oct_digit Example ```v assert u8(`7`).is_oct_digit() == true ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_space Example ```v assert u8(` `).is_space() == true ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## repeat [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## str Example ```v assert u8(111).str() == '111' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## str_escaped Example ```v assert u8(0).str_escaped() == r'`\0`' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vbytes [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstring [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstring_literal [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstring_literal_with_len [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vstring_with_len [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## usize ## str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## voidptr ## hex_full [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## vbytes [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## ArrayFlags [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## AttributeKind [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## ChanState [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## StrIntpType [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## C.DIR [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## C.FILE [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## C.GC_stack_base [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## C.IError [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## EnumData [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## Error [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## msg [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## code [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## FieldData [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## FunctionData [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## GCHeapUsage [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## MethodParam [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## SortedMap [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## delete [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## keys [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## free [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## print [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## StrIntpCgenData [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## StrIntpData [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## StrIntpMem [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## VAssertMetaInfo [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## free [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## VAttribute [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## VContext [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## VariantData [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## WrapConfig [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## array [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## repeat [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## repeat_to_depth [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## insert Example ```v mut a := [1, 2, 4] a.insert(2, 3) // a now is [1, 2, 3, 4] mut b := [3, 4] b.insert(0, [1, 2]) // b now is [1, 2, 3, 4] mut c := [[3, 4]] c.insert(0, [1, 2]) // c now is [[1, 2], [3, 4]] ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## prepend [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## delete Example ```v mut a := ['0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5'] a.delete(1) // a is now ['0', '2', '3', '4', '5'] ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## delete_many Example ```v mut a := [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] b := a[..9] // creates a `slice` of `a`, not a clone a.delete_many(4, 3) // replaces `a` with a modified clone dump(a) // a: [1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9] // `a` is now different dump(b) // b: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] // `b` is still the same ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## clear Example ```v a.clear() // `a.len` is now 0 ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## reset [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## trim Example ```v a.trim(3) // `a.len` is now <= 3 ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## drop Example ```v mut a := [1,2] a << 3 a.drop(2) assert a == [3] assert a.cap > a.len ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## first [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## last [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## pop Example ```v mut a := [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] b := a[..9] // creates a "view" into the same memory c := a.pop() // c == 9 a[1] = 5 dump(a) // a: [1, 5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8] dump(b) // b: [1, 5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## delete_last [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## clone [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## clone_to_depth [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## push_many [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## reverse_in_place [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## reverse [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## free [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## filter Examples ```v array.filter(it < 5) // create an array of elements less than 5 array.filter(it % 2 == 1) // create an array of only odd elements array.filter(it.name[0] == `A`) // create an array of elements whose `name` field starts with 'A' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## any Examples ```v array.any(it % 2 == 1) // will return true if any element is odd array.any(it.name == 'Bob') // will yield `true` if any element has `.name == 'Bob'` ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## count Example ```v array.count(it % 2 == 1) // will return how many elements are odd ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## all Example ```v array.all(it % 2 == 1) // will return true if every element is odd ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## map Example ```v words := ['hello', 'world'] r1 := words.map(it.to_upper()) assert r1 == ['HELLO', 'WORLD'] // map can also accept anonymous functions r2 := words.map(fn (w string) string { return w.to_upper() }) assert r2 == ['HELLO', 'WORLD'] ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## sort Examples ```v array.sort() // will sort the array in ascending order array.sort(b < a) // will sort the array in descending order array.sort(b.name < a.name) // will sort descending by the .name field ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## sorted Examples ```v assert [9,1,6,3,9].sorted() == [1,3,6,9,9] assert [9,1,6,3,9].sorted(b < a) == [9,9,6,3,1] ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## sort_with_compare Example ```v fn main() { mut a := ['hi', '1', '5', '3'] a.sort_with_compare(fn (a &string, b &string) int { if a < b { return -1 } if a > b { return 1 } return 0 }) assert a == ['1', '3', '5', 'hi'] } ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## sorted_with_compare [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## contains Example ```v [1, 2, 3].contains(4) == false ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## index [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## grow_cap [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## grow_len [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## pointers [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## map [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## move [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## clear Example ```v a.clear() // `a.len` and `a.key_values.len` is now 0 ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## reserve [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## delete [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## keys [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## values [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## clone [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## free [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## string [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## after Examples ```v assert '23:34:45.234'.after(':') == '45.234' assert 'abcd'.after('z') == 'abcd' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## after_char Examples ```v assert '23:34:45.234'.after_char(`:`) == '34:45.234' assert 'abcd'.after_char(`:`) == 'abcd' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## all_after Examples ```v assert '23:34:45.234'.all_after('.') == '234' assert 'abcd'.all_after('z') == 'abcd' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## all_after_first Examples ```v assert '23:34:45.234'.all_after_first(':') == '34:45.234' assert 'abcd'.all_after_first('z') == 'abcd' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## all_after_last Examples ```v assert '23:34:45.234'.all_after_last(':') == '45.234' assert 'abcd'.all_after_last('z') == 'abcd' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## all_before Examples ```v assert '23:34:45.234'.all_before('.') == '23:34:45' assert 'abcd'.all_before('.') == 'abcd' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## all_before_last Examples ```v assert '23:34:45.234'.all_before_last(':') == '23:34' assert 'abcd'.all_before_last('.') == 'abcd' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## before Examples ```v assert '23:34:45.234'.before('.') == '23:34:45' assert 'abcd'.before('.') == 'abcd' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## bool [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## bytes [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## camel_to_snake Examples ```v assert 'Abcd'.camel_to_snake() == 'abcd' assert 'aaBB'.camel_to_snake() == 'aa_bb' assert 'BBaa'.camel_to_snake() == 'b_baa' assert 'aa_BB'.camel_to_snake() == 'aa_bb' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## capitalize Example ```v assert 'hello'.capitalize() == 'Hello' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## clone [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## compare [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## contains [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## contains_any [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## contains_any_substr [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## contains_only [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## contains_u8 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## count [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## ends_with [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## f32 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## f64 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## fields Examples ```v assert '\t\tv = v'.fields() == ['v', '=', 'v'] assert ' sss ssss'.fields() == ['sss', 'ssss'] ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## find_between Example ```v assert 'hey [man] how you doin'.find_between('[', ']') == 'man' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## free [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hash [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## hex [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## i16 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## i32 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## i64 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## i8 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## indent_width Examples ```v assert ' v'.indent_width() == 2 assert '\t\tv'.indent_width() == 2 ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## index [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## index_after [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## index_any [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## index_u8 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## int [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_ascii [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_bin [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_blank Examples ```v assert ' '.is_blank() assert '\t'.is_blank() assert 'v'.is_blank() == false ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_capital Examples ```v assert 'Hello'.is_capital() == true assert 'HelloWorld'.is_capital() == false ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_hex [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_int [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_lower Example ```v assert 'hello developer'.is_lower() == true ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_oct [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_pure_ascii [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_title Example ```v assert 'Hello V Developer'.is_title() == true ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## is_upper Example ```v assert 'HELLO V'.is_upper() == true ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## last_index [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## last_index_u8 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## len_utf8 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## limit [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## match_glob Examples ```v assert 'ABCD'.match_glob('AB*') assert 'ABCD'.match_glob('*D') assert 'ABCD'.match_glob('*B*') assert !'ABCD'.match_glob('AB') ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## normalize_tabs Example ```v assert '\t\tpop rax\t; pop rax'.normalize_tabs(2) == ' pop rax ; pop rax' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## parse_int [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## parse_uint [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## repeat [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## replace [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## replace_char Example ```v assert '\tHello!'.replace_char(`\t`,` `,8) == ' Hello!' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## replace_each Example ```v assert 'ABCD'.replace_each(['B','C/','C','D','D','C']) == 'AC/DC' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## replace_once [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## reverse Example ```v assert 'Hello V'.reverse() == 'V olleH' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## rsplit Examples ```v assert 'A B C'.rsplit(' ') == ['C','B','A'] assert 'DEF'.rsplit('') == ['F','E','D'] ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## rsplit_any Example ```v "first row\nsecond row".rsplit_any(" \n") == ['row', 'second', 'row', 'first'] ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## rsplit_nth [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## rsplit_once Example ```v path, ext := 'file.ts.dts'.rsplit_once('.')? assert path == 'file.ts' assert ext == 'dts' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## runes [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## snake_to_camel Examples ```v assert 'abcd'.snake_to_camel() == 'Abcd' assert 'ab_cd'.snake_to_camel() == 'AbCd' assert '_abcd'.snake_to_camel() == 'Abcd' assert '_abcd_'.snake_to_camel() == 'Abcd' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## split Examples ```v assert 'A B C'.split(' ') == ['A','B','C'] assert 'DEF'.split('') == ['D','E','F'] ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## split_any Example ```v "first row\nsecond row".split_any(" \n") == ['first', 'row', 'second', 'row'] ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## split_by_space [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## split_into_lines [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## split_n [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## split_nth [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## split_once Example ```v path, ext := 'file.ts.dts'.split_once('.')? assert path == 'file' assert ext == 'ts.dts' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## starts_with [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## starts_with_capital Examples ```v assert 'Hello'.starts_with_capital() == true assert 'Hello. World.'.starts_with_capital() == true ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## str [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## strip_margin Example ```v st := 'Hello there, | this is a string, | Everything before the first | is removed'.strip_margin() assert st == 'Hello there, this is a string, Everything before the first | is removed' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## strip_margin_custom [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## substr Example ```v assert 'ABCD'.substr(1,3) == 'BC' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## substr_ni [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## substr_unsafe [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## substr_with_check [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## title Example ```v assert 'hello v developer'.title() == 'Hello V Developer' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## to_lower Example ```v assert 'Hello V'.to_lower() == 'hello v' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## to_lower_ascii [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## to_upper Example ```v assert 'Hello V'.to_upper() == 'HELLO V' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## to_upper_ascii [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## to_wide [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## trim Example ```v assert ' ffHello V ffff'.trim(' f') == 'Hello V' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## trim_indent Example ```v st := ' Hello there, this is a string, all the leading indents are removed and also the first and the last lines if they are blank '.trim_indent() assert st == 'Hello there, this is a string, all the leading indents are removed and also the first and the last lines if they are blank' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## trim_indexes Example ```v left, right := '-hi-'.trim_indexes('-') ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## trim_left Example ```v assert 'd Hello V developer'.trim_left(' d') == 'Hello V developer' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## trim_right Example ```v assert ' Hello V d'.trim_right(' d') == ' Hello V' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## trim_space Example ```v assert ' Hello V '.trim_space() == 'Hello V' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## trim_space_left Example ```v assert ' Hello V '.trim_space_left() == 'Hello V ' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## trim_space_right Example ```v assert ' Hello V '.trim_space_right() == ' Hello V' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## trim_string_left Example ```v assert 'WorldHello V'.trim_string_left('World') == 'Hello V' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## trim_string_right Example ```v assert 'Hello VWorld'.trim_string_right('World') == 'Hello V' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## u16 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## u32 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## u64 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## u8 [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## u8_array [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## uncapitalize Example ```v assert 'Hello, Bob!'.uncapitalize() == 'hello, Bob!' ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## utf32_code [[Return to contents]](#Contents) ## wrap Example ```v `assert 'Hello, my name is Carl and I am a delivery'.wrap(width: 20) == 'Hello, my name is\nCarl and I am a\ndelivery'` ``` [[Return to contents]](#Contents) #### Powered by vdoc. Generated on: 7 Feb 2025 12:06:55